“Different Types of Tires”

“Different Types of Tires”

Tires as explored last week are the unsung heroes of our vehicles. They connect us to the road, ensuring our safety and performance on every drive. There are multiple different types of tires for specific conditions and driving styles. Each type of tire offers unique advantages, which makes choosing the right one for your vehicle crucial for optimal performance and safety. In this blog, we will explore the different types of tires available.

1. All-Season Tires

All-season tires are a popular choice among drivers due to their versatility. As the name suggests, these tires are designed to perform well in a variety of weather conditions, including dry roads, wet roads, and light snow. They offer a balance between performance, comfort, and longevity. These tires are suited for most average conditions but might struggle in extreme snow, like the saying jack of all trades master of none. 

2. Summer Tires

Summer tires, also known as performance tires, are designed for warm weather conditions. They excel in providing maximum traction on dry and wet roads but struggle in cold or snowy conditions. Their tread pattern is optimized for performance, offering enhanced handling and braking. However, they will most likely become dangerous in adverse weather conditions. 

3. Winter Tires (Snow Tires)

Winter tires are specifically designed for cold conditions and snowy, icy roads. Their rubber compounds remain flexible in low temperatures, which helps improve traction and control. The deeper tread patterns and specialized sipes (small slits in the tire) enhance grip on icy and slippery surfaces. These tires are great in snow, but are generally heavier and louder, which means a worse driving experience especially when the weather is nice out. In snowy climates though, snow tires are a must for getting up and down hills successfully. 

4. All-Terrain Tires

All-terrain tires are perfect for drivers who like to take their vehicles off the beaten path. These tires are designed to handle on-road, but mostly off-road driving, making them popular for trucks and SUVs. They generally offer a rougher and louder ride on the road than traditional tires but are often a necessity when going way off in the boondocks. 

5. Run-Flat Tires

Run-flat tires are engineered to keep functioning even after they are punctured or lose air pressure. They are designed with reinforced sidewalls that allow the tire to continue supporting the weight of the vehicle, giving you the ability to drive for a limited distance without having to stop and change the tire immediately. These tires are a cool design, but are limited to find and offer a rougher ride due to the run-flat engineering. 

6. Performance Tires

Performance tires are designed for sports cars and high-performance vehicles. They offer improved handling, braking, and cornering abilities compared to regular tires. These tires often have a more aggressive tread pattern and a softer rubber compound, which provides better traction at higher speeds. These tires may be great on the race track, but in any sort of inclement weather will not perform very well. They are also not built to last as long as traditional tires so the cost of replacing the tires will increase. 

Choosing the right tire for your vehicle is more than just a matter of convenience; it is about ensuring safety, performance, and comfort on the road. It is important to know your weather conditions and the different chances of inclement weather. If it only snows once a year, snow tires might not be needed. Or if the road is rough and the weather is unpredictable then summer tires may not be the best option. 

Tires

“Tires"

Tires are an essential part of every vehicle, yet we often take them for granted. They are not just rubber circles that connect your car to the road. They are a marvel of engineering. In this blog, we will look at the history of the tire through the years and give some practical reasons for maintaining your tires today. 

The Dawn of the Wheel: The tire can trace its roots back to the invention of the wheel around 3500 BCE in Mesopotamia. These early wheels were simple, solid wooden discs. While revolutionary for transport, machinery, and agriculture, the original wheels had some flaws. With the invention of wheels, better roads were a must for efficiently transporting goods and soldiers. 

The Addition of Iron and Rubber: By the 19th century, wooden wheels had iron bands fastened around them. This provided added durability, but the ride was still far from comfortable. During the industrial revolution, a Scotsman Robert William Thomson invented and patented the pneumatic tire in 1845. His design used a rubber tube filled with air, offering both durability and comfort. These first rubber tires were primarily used for bicycle travel. 

The Automobile Revolution: With the rise of the automobile in the early 20th century, tire companies like Michelin, Goodyear, and Firestone began innovating to meet the demands of this new mode of transport. In 1904, the first grooved tire was introduced, providing better traction on roads. By 1946, Michelin brought forth the radial tire, which had steel belts and layers of cords, significantly improving durability, performance, and fuel efficiency.

Modern Tires: Today tires are designed for precise applications and overall durability incorporating materials like synthetic rubbers and silica. From run-flat tires to all-weather designs, innovations continue to focus on safety, efficiency, and sustainability. We will look at the different types of tires in a future blog. Many companies are even exploring eco-friendly tires made from biodegradable materials or finding ways to use spent tires in other manufacturing processes. 

Tires are much more than functional components of our vehicle. They are a fundamental part of your safety and performance on the road. Proper tires provide grip, ensuring that your vehicle can navigate curves, brake effectively, and maintain stability on uneven surfaces, wet conditions, or in extreme heat. Well-maintained tires allow for enhanced fuel efficiency and safety. Be sure to check the health, tread, and pressure of your tires regularly. Tires are not just the part of your vehicle touching the road, but many upon many years of engineering providing individuals the ability to go from place to place efficiently.  

“Parallel Parking"

“Parallel Parking"

Parallel parking is often one of the most dreaded tasks for many drivers. The pressure of fitting your car into a tight spot with other vehicles nearby can cause anxiety, especially for those who do not do it often. Parking on the side of the road is also a requirement of the driver’s test. With proper technique and a little practice, parallel parking can be mastered by anyone. In this blog, we’ll break down the essential tips and steps to help you park like a pro.

Remain Calm and Take Your Time: One of the most important things to remember when parallel parking is not to rush. Feeling pressured to park quickly can lead to mistakes and unnecessary stress. This can be difficult with other vehicles driving past and maybe even some cars lining up behind you. Similarly to navigating through traffic, it is crucial to stay calm. Before you attempt to park, take a deep breath, assess the space, and ensure you have enough room. If the spot feels too tight, do not hesitate to find another one. Remember, parking is not a race, and the extra time you take to set up properly will help you park safely.

6 Steps to parallel parking:

Step 1: Locate a spot that is near your location and has enough size for your vehicle to fit into. Signal your intentions. This lets other drivers know you intend to park and gives them the chance to adjust if necessary.

Step 2: Position your car parallel to the parking spot. The first parallel part of this process. Drive alongside the parking space, ensuring there is enough room between your vehicle and the car in front of the spot. Maintain a distance of about two to three feet between your car and the parked vehicle to give yourself plenty of space to maneuver. Position your rear end to be about equal to that of the car that is parked in the front of the spot you are trying to get into. 

Step 3: Shift into reverse, look over your right shoulder, and turn the steering wheel toward the curb. This will angle your car into the parking space. Continue till you are in the space in some way. This distance will be dependent on your vehicle and will take some practice.

Step 4: Begin to straighten your wheel. Be cognizant of your front right bumper to ensure it does not collide with the vehicle in front of you. You are trying to turn your wheel where your vehicle is within 1 foot of the curb with out touching or going over it at the end of the maneuver. 

Step 5: Turn your wheel to the left. This will swing your front end to the right, making it so you can be parallel with the curb. Slowly, straighten your wheel so that you do not over rotate and become no longer parallel with the curb. 

Step 6: Adjust if necessary. Pull forward so that you are roughly in the middle of your spot and have enough room to exit your spot when it is needed. Look out for traffic as you open your driver's door to enter your destination. 

While this process is going on, be aware of your surroundings. Remove distractions so that you are not distracted from your task, but part of your task is to examine your area and ensure that it is still safe. Parallel parking works best with properly adjusted mirrors and clear lines of sight. Attempt to make parallel parking smooth. Do not make sudden movements, and control the brake pedal, gas pedal, and steering wheel smoothly and confidently.

Parallel parking does not have to be a stressful or dreaded task. By following a structured method, using your mirrors and rearview camera, eliminating distractions, and practicing regularly, you will gain confidence and skill in no time. Remember, take your time and park safely. If you get a little ways in and realize you have done something wrong, restart, learn from your mistake, and try again. 

“Handling Traffic"

“Handling Traffic"

Traffic is regarded as one of the most inconvenience-causing things in the world. It causes delays, accidents, and anger. The world of civil engineering has worked hard to combat the challenges of traffic by designing roads and intersections to operate as smoothly as possible, but with the rapid influx of individuals during certain times of day and year, traffic is inevitable. In this blog, we will give four tips on dealing with traffic. 

Remain Calm: One of the biggest causes and irritants in traffic is our emotions. Traffic can be a stress-inducing activity. Cars are on all sides, and people are most likely in a hurry to go somewhere. Remaining calm will give you the best headspace to maneuver through traffic as smoothly as possible. Many crashes and increases in traffic are caused by rash decision-making. Remain calm if you find yourself getting stressed; look back at a previous installment of a blog from September 08, 2024, for assistance. 

Slow down and only change lanes when necessary: Cars are all around you. Going slower reduces impacts and gives you more time to react. You may have properly adjusted mirrors, but there are still blind spots. It is also difficult to see around masses of cars, especially at night or in direct sunlight. When changing lanes, change them cautiously yet deliberately. Studies have found that constant lane changing only cuts off minimal time savings. Lane changes also account for four to ten percent of all vehicle related crashes. With this in mind, staying in your lane may be the best option. 

Use your signals: Clearly indicate your intentions. If you are slowing down, indicate this by pushing your brake, and your rear brake lights should turn on. When making a lane change, indicate early. Sudden movements can be dangerous and can cause others to have to make sudden movements. In a crowd of people, it is a good bet one person will incorrectly make a sudden movement. Also, be on the lookout for signals. It may be easier and safer to slightly adjust your driving to allow someone to make a lane change rather than them trying to fit into a less desirable location that may put you in harm's way. 

Get rid of distractions: Distractions distract us from the road. This leads to us missing things in front, behind, or to our sides. It prevents drivers from strategising and planning their next maneuvers. It may seem like a good time to check your phone or grab something, but in traffic, the gaps and spaces are smaller. Even a 3 to 5 second text message can cause an accident. With constant starting and stopping, it is easy to rear-end someone if you are not paying attention. 

Traffic is not fun. It causes delays and dangers. In the event of traffic, stay under control both mentally and with your vehicle. Pay attention to those around you and give them space when needed. It is almost always the case that at some point, you will break past the traffic and reach your destination. 

“Driving with Pets”

“Driving with Pets”

Animals and pets are wonderful things. Animals can help with mental health, physical activity, a sense of purpose, and companionship. We may even want to go on fun adventures with them. However, pets can cause some distractions or dangers when driving. Before embarking, there are some things you should know. In this blog, we will look at some helpful tips and some safety concerns when traveling with a pet. 

Give it some time: Young drivers should be patient with bringing their pets in the vehicle. Pets add an extra layer of distractions that we often try to remove. Driving can be difficult by itself without the added distraction of having to look out for another life form that does not understand everything you are saying. So, give it some time and make sure you are comfortable driving before driving with a pet. 

Crates or car seats: Look into purchasing crates or car restrainment devices for your animal. Animals that are properly contained are safer in the event of a crash, just like humans who wear a seat belt properly. It is important to do your research on the proper size and mounting for the contraptions as insufficient or incorrectly sized safety devices can be just as dangerous as no safety device. 

Window and door locks: Lock your windows and doors when you drive. You could even put on the child locks for your vehicle. Animals' paws and mouths can easily open windows and doors unexpectedly. This is generally not a good thing when driving at high speeds and can lead to escapes or distractions. 

Bring along a human friend: Remember to remain paw-sitive. Animals, like humans, first did when encountering a moving vehicle were perplexed. It is important to remain calm and understand that things may not go as smoothly as they normally do. Having a helping hand can be very useful in controlling or checking on a pet. It can be dangerous for the driver to have to focus on the road and the animal while driving. 

Prepare your animal: Generally, a calm animal is a tired animal. Before long trips give your pet the opportunity for extra exercise. If the adventure is the exercise, then be sure to remain calm and not get too excited before going. Most animals perform better after some practice, so work on getting in and out of the vehicle as well as taking shorter drivers around the block to familiarize your animal before longer trips, if possible.  

Do not leave your animal unattended in the vehicle: Leaving your pet in your vehicle unattended for even a short time can be dangerous. Temperatures, even on a cool day, can climb easily inside a parked car. They could also be stollen or escape somehow and be lost in an unknown location. Also, who knows what the animal may try to eat or drink if left alone in a vehicle. 

Animals and pets are wonderful things to have and live with. It is important when transporting them to be careful and to do it safely. Wait until you are comfortable driving by yourself before adding an animal into the picture. Also, prepare yourself, your vehicle, and your pet so that success is more easily attainable. 

“AI’s Opinion on Driver’s Education”

“AI’s Opinion on Driver’s Education”

Driver's education is a crucial first step for anyone learning to drive. However, as car accidents remain a leading cause of death and injury, one must ask: Is the traditional driver’s ed enough to prepare new drivers for real-world driving challenges? While it provides a solid foundation, there are several key areas that most programs overlook.

The Basics of Driver's Education: Most driver’s ed programs teach the rules of the road, car control, and safe driving practices through classroom lessons and hands-on driving experience. These programs help learners pass the necessary tests to obtain their licenses. They also introduce defensive driving techniques, which are critical to staying safe on the road. However, do these basic lessons prepare young drivers for the risks they’ll face once they hit the streets?

Shortcomings of Traditional Driver’s Ed:

Distracted Driving: Distracted driving is a leading cause of accidents, yet traditional programs don’t emphasize how to manage distractions effectively. Drivers are taught about distractions like phones but aren’t fully prepared to handle the temptations of real-world distractions.

Advanced Driving Skills: Driver's education typically focuses on basic maneuvers, but it often lacks advanced training in emergency situations. For instance, students may not receive enough instruction on how to react to things like skidding on wet roads or handling sudden tire blowouts.

Emerging Technologies: With the rise of advanced car technologies like lane assist, collision avoidance, and adaptive cruise control, driver’s ed needs to evolve. New drivers may not understand how to use these systems properly or recognize their limitations in certain situations. For example, technologies like automated emergency braking are designed to help avoid collisions, but they can't prevent accidents in every scenario, such as when driving in inclement weather or on unfamiliar roads. Teaching drivers how to work with these systems while still maintaining full control of the vehicle is essential. Additionally, as cars become more connected, features like vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, which allows cars to share information about traffic conditions or potential hazards, are becoming more prevalent. Driver’s education programs need to address how these systems work and how they can aid in making safer decisions. Without proper training, young drivers might not know how to maximize the potential of these technologies or understand the situations in which they might not function properly.

What Should Be Included in Driver's Education:

Practical Distraction Management: Real-world strategies for handling distractions.

Comprehensive Impairment Education: Teaching all forms of impairment, including fatigue and medication.

Advanced Driving Skills: Hands-on training for emergencies like skidding or tire blowouts.

Emerging Technologies: Understanding and using modern car technologies effectively.

Driver’s education provides a solid foundation, but it's not enough in today’s world. By expanding the curriculum to include practical distraction management, impairment education, advanced driving skills, and new technologies, we can better prepare new drivers for the challenges they will face on the road. A more comprehensive approach will help ensure safer driving for everyone.

*Blog generated using AI technologies

“5 Tips to Avoid Crashing”

“5 Tips to Avoid Crashing”

Car crashes are prevalent and dangerous. Over 43,000 people die each year from vehicle collisions with over 4 million injuries. There are a multitude of complex ideas and plans to prevent crashes. However, in this blog, we will cover 5 simple guidelines and tips to prevent vehicle crashes. 

Drive Attentive: Distracted driving is a major problem. Most people know how to drive safely, but when a distraction is presented it can take their attention away from the road. Be sure to put your phone away. Attempt to not eat or drink when you drive. Having passengers is great, but it is important that they are not distracting you or making you overly confident. 

Slow Down: Higher rates of speed decrease the time to make decisions. They also increase the needed stopping distance while reducing the distance you have to make a maneuver. Slow down. Especially in hazardous weather. If a crash is inevitable, going at a slower rate of speed will produce less force meaning you may have a better chance of survival. 

Do not Drive Impaired: Driving under the influence is illegal. It impairs your decision making and physical abilities. If you are under the influence of substances that negatively affect your driving ability, do not drive. Call for a ride. Being alive is more important than potentially getting to where you are trying to go while impaired. 

Drive Smart: Be on the lookout for hazards. Plan your travel and be aware of the potential dangers that may be present. As you are driving perform good driving habits like checking your mirrors, following road laws, and practicing defensive driving. If you would like to increase your knowledge of driving Drivers Edge School of Driving in Belvidere, IL would be glad to assist you. 

Perform Regular Vehicle Maintenance: A properly working vehicle is a predictable vehicle. A driver can only control what they can control. Having a properly working vehicle allows drivers to not worry about potential issues and focus on the process of driving. It will also make an issue easier to acknowledge when it does occur. 

Driving can be dangerous. However, it can also be safe. Using these 5 guidelines for driving will lead you to a safer driving experience. We can only control ourselves and the decisions we make. So it is important to be on the lookout for reckless driving and understand that accidents do happen. 

“Traffic Lights”

“Traffic Lights”

The electric traffic signal has been around for over 100 years. The idea and methodology of the meanings are everywhere in our society. But not everyone knows what the different colors or shapes of lights mean. In this week’s blog, we will cover the different intricacies of the traffic light. 

Green Light: Green means go. When you have a solid green light (bottom light if vertical and the furthest right if horizontal) you have the right of way over other colors of lights and can proceed through the intersection. Yield for pedestrians. If you are turning left, yield to oncoming traffic.

Red Light: Stop. A red traffic light means stop. When approaching a red light (top light or furthest left solid light) at an intersection, the driver should come to a complete stop at the marked stop line. If there is not a marked stop line, the driver should stop before entering the crosswalk. If there is no crosswalk, the driver should stop before entering the intersection. Wait there until the light changes. There are some exceptions in which you can turn right or even left on red, but for the most part, when coming to a red light stop at the designated location or in the queue. 

Yellow Light: The yellow light indicates that the light will change from green to red soon. The yellow light should be the light in the middle between the red and green. William Potts, a policeman in Detroit invented the three-colored traffic light in 1920. This light in solid form indicates that the light is about to change giving drivers the ability to slow down smoothly and not get caught in the middle of the intersection. 

Flashing Yellow: A solid flashing yellow light means to proceed with caution. This can be seen for a left turn to identify caution when turning left. This can also be seen at night when less traffic is present allowing drivers to continue through intersections without having to stop. 

Flashing Red: A flashing red light indicates like at a solid red light to stop at the designated stopping point. However, a driver may proceed when it is their turn to go. It may act similar to a stop sign when all lights are flashing red or may indicate a stop sign where the cross traffic continues to flow using the flashing yellow light from above. Oftentimes, this can occur in bad weather as it is fail-safe as it brings drivers to a complete stop and all drivers should be able to manage a stop sign. 

Green Arrow: A green arrow indicates that you have the right of way. In the case of a green arrow proceed with caution, but understand that you should have an unencumbered path. Green arrows often indicate left and right turns as well as some straight line indications.  

Red Arrow: A red arrow indicates that one should not turn in that direction at that time. At a solid red light arrow stop like you would for a solid red light and wait for the light to change. Unless a turn-on red situation is in place, no signage against it is present, and the coast is clear. 

No Lights: If no lights are on, proceed with extreme caution. Treat the intersection as if it were a 4-way stop where all vehicles have stop signs. However, be on the lookout. Other drivers may be unaware of the intersection or the traffic lights and may proceed straight through. Wait your turn and proceed when the coast is clear. 

Traffic lights were designed to manage traffic more efficiently. In the case of an emergency vehicle, if possible get out of the way of the vehicle to the right. If not, remain where you are unless instructed by the emergency vehicle to move. In these cases, the emergency vehicle has the right of way and all drivers must yield to them regardless of the traffic signal color or indication. Traffic lights are not intended to be complicated, so if you are initially confused take a moment and reassess your surroundings. If you have any questions or comments related to traffic lights, comment them down below. 

“Speed Limits”

“Speed Limits”

Speed limits are an essential part of road safety. The speed at which we are traveling is one of the most checked operations. One of the most common reasons for being pulled over by authorities is not following posted speed limits. The government and other personnel carefully determine speed limits with the idea of keeping travelers safe. In this blog, we will explore the history of speed limits, the reasons behind their implementation, and how they continue to play a critical role today.

History of the speed limit: Before cars existed, speed was a minor concern. The introduction of self-propelled vehicles in the late 19th century quickly revealed the dangers of high-speed driving. Early on vehicles could not travel that fast. Then, vehicles could travel at dangerously high speeds. This led to accidents and public outcry. The first regulations appeared in the 1860s in the United Kingdom with the "Locomotive Act," which set speed limits at just 4 miles per hour in rural areas and 2 miles per hour in towns for self-propelled vehicles.  In the U.S., speed limits began appearing in the early 1900s, but they varied significantly between states and local areas. The first real push for standardized speed limits came in the 1950s with the construction of the interstate highway system and the increasing number of cars on the road. As traffic volumes grew and road infrastructure improved, speed limits became more widely enforced to promote safety.

The importance of Speed limits: As you learn in driver's education, speed limits are not just arbitrary rules, they are the law. The most important reason for speed limits is safety. Speeding increases the severity of accidents. The faster velocity increases the momentum and increases the force when vehicles collide with other objects or vehicles. Higher speeds reduce reaction time to hazards like pedestrians, cattle, road conditions, or other vehicles. Increasing your speed above the speed limit greatly increases your risk of vehicular accidents and casualties. 

In the U.S., speed limits are generally set by state or local governments, with each state having its own set of regulations. However, federal guidelines for highways and interstates exist, and states are encouraged to follow these guidelines to maintain a certain level of consistency. Be careful when traveling to foreign countries because their speed limits may be in different units than in the United States. Speed limits are set based on several factors, including road conditions, traffic density, and accident history. That is why in more rural areas with less traffic the speed limit is higher than in a residential area. Most roads have a posted speed limit, but if the road is unmarked the speed limit can be estimated. On unmarked rural roads in Illinois, the speed limit is 55 miles per hour, and in residential areas, it is generally 25 miles per hour. On most roadways, the speed limit feels right after a while of driving. If it feels like you are traveling too fast, slow down. The highway is the only road that has a normal minimum speed limit. In Illinois, this is 45 miles per hour. However, in the instances of hazards such as weather, accidents, or construction you may be advised or need to slow down slower than that and that is acceptable. 

Speed limits are put in place to keep road traveling safer. Higher speeds in the wrong locations are a major cause of vehicle incidents. By understanding the role speed limits play in ensuring safe and efficient travel, you will be better equipped to navigate roads confidently and responsibly. Be on the lookout for the rectangular white signs with black script, and follow the posted speed limit. One of the bad habits previously described in an earlier blog is speeding. Do not let it become a dangerous habit. If you struggle with speed control or knowing the speed limit, talk with one of our driving instructors. 

“Trailers Part 2”

“Trailers Part 2”

Now that you are aware of the items to look out for before you get on the road and your transportation load is firmly secured, what do you do when you are on the road? In this week's blog, part 2 of our trailer series, we will discuss aspects of driving on the roadways. 

Drive at a Comfortable Speed: Driving with a trailer attached will affect your vehicle’s handling, so it is best to drive at a slower, more comfortable speed than you normally would. Increased speeds increase the risk of the trailer swaying or becoming unstable. Some locations have additional speed regulations for trailers so be on the lookout for those. When driving with a trailer, your mass is increased. This will make accelerating difficult in all directions, speeding up, slowing down, and turning. 

Check Your Mirrors: Towing a trailer changes your field of vision, so you’ll need to adjust your mirrors to account for the extra length. It is crucial to have a clear view of the trailer and the area behind you, especially when switching lanes or merging onto highways. Before taking off, adjust your mirrors so that everything is in view. 

 Take Turns Slowly and Wide: When you are towing a trailer, turns can be trickier than normal turns. The trailer doesn’t always follow your vehicle’s path. Just like when you turn your rear wheels make a tighter radius than your front wheels the same goes for your trailer. The exact radius of the turn depends on how long the trailer is and how far the wheels are from the vehicle. Drivers will need to take turns wider than they normally do. Keep this fact in mind when you are planning your route to help alleviate tricky situations if possible. 

Keep a Safe Distance: Driving with a trailer means stopping takes longer. It is important to leave a large gap between you and the vehicle in front of you. If the weather is poor or traffic is heavy, give yourself more space.

Use Your Brakes Smoothly: Braking with a trailer slightly differs from braking with a normal vehicle. With the added weight you may be required to brake harder than you normally do. It is advised to give yourself as much time to break as possible. This allows you to gradually come to a stop when applying firm and controlled brake pressure. Sudden or harsh braking can cause the trailer to sway or fishtail, making it hard to keep in control. 

Be Careful on Hills: Driving up hills may be a challenge. Going uphill with a trailer can be harder on your engine. Attempt to continue at a constant pace, but do not overwork your engine. Downhill, the weight of the trailer will pull you down the hill. This will increase your speed. Be sure to maintain your brakes as relying too heavily on your brakes going downhill can cause them to overheat and fail. To avoid overuse of the brakes, drivers can use engine braking to slow down the vehicle. (We will discuss this process in a future blog) 

Parking and Stopping: Parking with a trailer can be tricky, so take the time to find a space with plenty of room. Look for wide spots that have a greater area for maneuverability. Always plan ahead for parking when you are towing, and be patient while maneuvering into spaces. 

Towing a trailer requires more awareness than operating a traditional automobile. However, with a healthy understanding of the physics, common hazards, and practice, most people can become proficient in trailer operation. A major part of trailer operation is backing up. We will cover how to reverse a trailer in the next installment of this blog. 

“Trailers Part 1”

“Trailers Part 1”

Whether you are moving heavy machinery, hauling camping gear, or towing a boat, knowing how to safely drive with a trailer is a practical skill to learn. Towing requires more attention and different skills than regular driving. Your vehicle’s behavior changes when towing a trailer, and it’s crucial to understand the physics involved. In this blog series, we will break down the essentials of safe trailer towing and how to ensure that your trip goes smoothly.

Be Prepared: Understand what you are towing before you get on the road or even load up the trailer. It is important to prepare your vehicle and trailer for the journey. Also, plan out your route. Some roads are more trailer friendly than others. 

Know Your Vehicle's Towing Capacity: Make sure your vehicle is equipped to tow the weight of the trailer and load you want to tow. Each vehicle has a maximum towing capacity, and exceeding that limit can cause mechanical failure or unsafe driving conditions. Always check your vehicle’s owner manual to confirm its towing capacity, and remember to factor in the weight of the added load. 

Prepare your vehicle: Make sure your vehicle is in normal operating function. Check your brakes, fluids, tires, mirrors, and lights. Braking will become more difficult with the added weight so it is important for your breaks to be working properly. Both your vehicle’s and trailer’s tires must be correctly pressurized. Underinflated tires can make handling more difficult, increase the risk of a blowout, and decrease fuel efficiency. A potential issue with your vehicle will only be enhanced when the weight of a trailer is added. Trailers may have trailer breaks ensure that these are properly hooked up and in working order. They may become stuck or worn out after years of use or storage. Trailers have lights. Be sure to hook these up and test them prior to driving. These lights should operate as your rear lights do on your vehicle. 

Properly load and secure the trailer load: Load your trailer properly to maintain stability and safety as you drive down the road. Stabilize and secure the trailer to ensure that it will not go anywhere when weight is applied. 60% of the weight should be loaded in front of the axle toward the towing vehicle with the remaining 40% behind. If you can, attempt to even out sideways the weight so that one side is not overly weighted. A balanced load improves handling and reduces the risk of accidents. Secure your load. Use straps and tie-downs. Make sure what you are securing is strong enough to hold. Also, think about all of the ways an object can move. Do not have objects striking outside of the radius of the trailer. This can become dangerous as you traverse the roadways. 

Towing a trailer may seem intimidating, but with the right preparation, you can safely navigate the road with confidence. By taking the time to ensure that your vehicle and trailer are properly equipped and prepared, you’ll set yourself up for a smooth, secure journey. In part 2 of this series, we will focus on driving with a trailer on the roadways, and in part 3, we will look into how to back up a trailer. 

IPDE

 “IDPE”

Identify, Predict, Decide, and Execute (IDPE) is a step-by-step process that is the backbone of defensive driving practices. This process prevents drivers from “falling asleep” as they drive and requires drivers to engage in strategic visual and comprehensive analysis. In this first Sunday of the new year, we will detail the IDPE process and how to implement it in your daily driving life. 

Identify: The foundation of the IDPE method is identifying potential hazards. This is normally done through visual observation done by scanning the area around your vehicle. Being able to spot a potential threat is crucial for the next steps in this process. Be on the look out for difficult intersections, drivers in the wrong lane, or animals or children next to the road. 

Predict: Once a hazard is identified, one must predict what will happen. In many of the incidents, the prediction is that the car will maneuver itself properly where it should go, however, this is not always the case. Be prepared for the vehicle, human, or animal to do the hazard that you predicted. Have a plan with the knowledge you have to make a move when and if necessary that will keep you and those around you as safe as possible. 

Decide: Once you have predicted the hazard's potential movement, you must decide what to do. Will you accelerate, decelerate, or turn? It is important to make decisive decisions. This decisive decision will lead to a definite result and allow you to fully commit to your brain’s analysis. 

Execute: Once the decision is made, execute. Brake or steer where you need to go. After this execution, start the process over again. During the execution phase be sure to maintain proper driving etiquette and follow all road laws. However, in many situations where you may need to take action the correct and safest maneuver might go slightly outside of normal operating procedure or meet or exceed some road laws. Safety is the number one priority. 

IPDE is a process that can help you avoid collisions big or small and is a good practice to become more proficient in defensive driving. This process promotes engagement in one's driving. It keeps you on alert and prepares you for the dangers. It is important that as you do this process you do it quickly and without hyperfixation on one hazard while ignoring all other road hazards. If this is something that you would like to get better at, Drivers Edge School of Driving driving instructors would be happy to assist you. 

“Major Causes of Vehicle Collisions”

 “Major Causes of Vehicle Collisions”

Vehicles collide with other vehicles, humans, or objects on a daily basis. This colliding is not a good thing. Being aware of the causes of vehicle collisions will allow drivers to be more aware and change some of their driving habits to decrease the number of major and minor wrecks. In this week's blog, we will look at the four major causes of collisions. 

Distracted- Distracted driving is the leading cause of collisions. Things like cell phones and food take our attention away from the road. This lack of focus causes drivers to miss much needed information about the road in front of them.

Impaired- Do not drive impaired. Call for a ride. With modern technology, this is easier than ever. Things like alcohol, some prescription drugs, or other depressants or stimulants can cause delays between what your mind sees and hears and how it acts. It can also decrease motor skills. 

Weather Related- The weather plays a major part in road safety. Drivers can not control the weather, but they can take steps to more safely drive in hazardous weather conditions like rain, snow, or fog. 

Overconfidence- Drivers can become overconfident in their driving abilities or the abilities of their vehicles. This normally leads to increased driving speeds. Not only do high speeds decrease the amount of time to react. They increase the amount of force that is created and transferred in the event of a collision. 

97% of traffic collisions are caused by human driver error. Only 3% of crashes are solely accidents like a meteor strike or a complete brake failure. The most dangerous locations for traffic collisions are locations with a lot of drivers. One especially dangerous location is intersections. Intersections bring multiple drivers together and force them to cross paths. Poorly kept roads are also something to be aware of in these colder months as less driven roads will often receive less attention potentially creating more dangerous road conditions. It is hard to prevent all road collisions. Drivers can only control the actions they take, but if everyone drives safer and understands the risks the road can be safer as a whole. 

“Black Ice”

“Black Ice”

With the snow and cold of winter, ice also forms. During the winter months, when temperatures are below freezing, liquid water turns into a solid. This solid is known to be quite slick and lacks a strong coefficient of friction. Some ice is easily seen and can be planned for, but other ice can be essentially invisible. In this blog, we will look at tips for driving on black ice.

Be Prepared: Ice can form when the temperature is below 32℉. To reduce this temperature salt is often placed on roads to lower the freezing point of the water. Be extra cautious of roads during the early morning or night as the temperature would have decreased. The sun is a powerful tool to warm this planet and the roads. Be wary of shaded areas as the sun has not warmed the ground. Also, like the street signs say, “Bridge Ices Before Road”.  

Stay on lanes of Traction: Often times common lanes of travel will form on roadways. Attempt to keep your wheels within the tracks. This roadway has been seen by others as safe, and the roadway will have been more worn in. When driving in potentially icy situations, look for areas of the road that have been salted or sanded. Snow can also have more traction than ice. 

Exit the Road: If the conditions are too icy, it is best to exit that roadway. Either find an alternate route that is more clear or by waiting for snow and ice removal specialists to come through. If you can not exit the road, slow down. Take turns smoothly, with slow even braking while firmly gripping the steering wheel looking where you want to go. Increase following distance. Having more road in front of you and the other vehicle will give you more time to stop, but also more road to gather crucial information about the road conditions.

Stay Calm: Unfortunately, black ice is very difficult to detect. If you do encounter black ice, stay calm and allow your vehicle to pass over the ice. Touching the brakes will likely lead to skidding and losing control of your vehicle. If you do lose temporary control of the vehicle, remain calm. Do not overreact or overcorrect. Look where you want to go and steer yourself there. Hopefully, the ice patch is small and you will regain traction quickly. If not, remain calm and trust in your vehicle's safety devices. If you are on a hill and your vehicle or others are sliding together, stay in your vehicle. Do not exit as this will leave your vehicle with no driver and it will put you in a much more dangerous position. 

Ice is scary, and unseen ice can be even scarier. But trust in yourself and in your vehicle's abilities. It is crucial that you assess the road conditions and drive within them. Be on the lookout for potential hazards, especially when it is cold and ice could be present. 

“Tips for Cleaning Snow off of your Vehicle”

   “Tips for Cleaning Snow off of your Vehicle”

The snow is coming. The snow is here. While winter can be a beautiful season, it also brings a fair share of challenges. One of the worst things about winter is having to constantly remove snow from your car. In this week's blog, we will cover some tips on removing snow from your vehicle. 

Run the defrosters: Before you begin removing the snow and ice from your vehicle, make sure you start your car. Turn on your front and rear defrosters. They will help to melt the snow or ice on your car’s front and rear windshields. Before entering your vehicle, brush off your driver’s door to avoid snow falling inside. While your car runs, you can work on clearing off any snow and ice. Your vehicle will also warm up and be much warmer when you enter your vehicle. 

Brush snow off from top to bottom: Start with the roof. This snow will fall and cover your windows if you do it last requiring you to do even more work. Clearing the roof also prevents snow and ice from flying off and potentially causing harm to other motorists. Once the roof is done, start working your way around. Make sure to get all windows even if they may be small. Do not rush. Also, clear off your headlights, turn signals, and license plates so that you can be seen and be legally driving. 

Have a good pair of gloves: Your hands will get cold fast. Wear a good pair of gloves and some warm layers. If you are not as cold, you will be less likely to rush and miss vital locations on your car for viability. It is also safer, as the cold can be very dangerous to the body. 

Give yourself time: When freezing temperatures or snowy weather is expected,  plan on leaving your front door a little earlier so that you have time to fully clear off your vehicle. 10 minutes early can be a good time to aim for, but this time may need to be adjusted due to weather conditions. Don’t forget if your car is snow-covered the roads may be too resulting in slower driving conditions. Rushing in the winter is never a good idea. 

Use the proper tools: Make sure to use a snow brush or a car-safe device that is intended for snow removal. Never use a shovel or anything that’s not meant for car snow removal. It could scratch up your vehicle. When removing ice, only use an ice scraper designed for cars. Do not use anything metal or sharp that you have around the house, such as a screwdriver or knife. They can scratch or crack your windshield. Do not pour hot water onto your car to melt the ice. This is a very bad idea and can cause your glass windows to crack or shatter.

Don’t forget the wiper blades: Do not forget your wiper blades. It is often a good idea to put them up the night before the cold weather drops to ensure that they do not freeze to the windshield. It is important to get the snow and ice off of the wipers before beginning to drive. If they are contaminated, it can lead to visibility concerns. 

Preventative Measures: The easiest way to remove snow is to have no snow in the first place. We can not control the weather, but if possible one could park indoors or under a covering. However, this is not always available. If possible, you could park away from the wind or in a more sheltered location. They also make windshield coverings that can help quicken the snow removal process. It is also a good practice to always have a snow removal device in your vehicle, especially during the winter. 

The snow can be beautiful, but it can also be cold and time-consuming. Following the tips above can hopefully assist you in making your vehicle snow cleaning smoother and less tiresome. Now that your vehicle is uncovered and ready to drive, drive safe. If you have any questions about driving in the winter or the snow look back at blogs from April or last winter, or comment them down below. 

“Older Driver Safety Awareness Week”

    “Older Driver Safety Awareness Week”

This blog is intended for readers and drivers young and old. Last week was Older Driver Safety Awareness Week. In this week’s blog, we will cover topics associated with driving as you begin to age. 

As humans age, their mental and physical abilities can begin to degrade. This can make it harder for older individuals to operate a motor vehicle properly. This decline can make vehicle crashes more severe. It is important to understand your medical history and the risks that could pose to driving. Could your eyesight be degrading, could your hip or knee be injured, or could you have a shoulder injury that prevents you from quickly turning the wheel? 

As we age, some of the routes and locations may need to be adjusted. It can become difficult to see as the sun begins to set. It is also important for older drivers to practice their driving skills. Drivers young and old need to continuously practice and always improve their driving knowledge and abilities. Visibility can become more challenging, especially as the sun sets earlier during the winter months. Tough decisions may also need to be made by family members and individuals themselves. Driving can be dangerous. The risks of crashes can be amplified, and if the risk of crashing increases, it may be time to hang up the keys.

Ultimately it is not the age of the individual, but the individual's ability to drive which should be examined. Operating a motor vehicle can be complex and dangerous at times. It is essential to regularly assess your own driving abilities and make informed decisions to ensure your safety and the safety of others on the road.

Preparing To Drive In The Winter Part 1

“Preparing To Drive In The Winter Part 1”

The leaves may have fallen, the temperatures begun to drop and the days have become ever shorter. There will become a time when the leaves will be gone and snow will cover the roads. It is important to plan ahead when driving, and preparing for the changes in season is something all drivers should think about. In this 2 part series of this blog, we will consider how to prepare your vehicle, and how to prepare and drive in the winter. This 1st blog will cover how to prepare your vehicle. 

Inspect your Battery: As the temperature decreases batteries tend to go dead quicker. Test and inspect your battery for any damages or areas that may need to be cleaned. Be safe and practice precaution when working with car batteries for the risk of electrocution is high. Inspect your lights and any other electronic implements.

Inspect Fluids: Having proper fluid levels is important during cold months. If the fluid level decreases too much it can be more susceptible to freezing. Also, ensure that the window washer fluid and other fluids have the proper anti-freezing properties for the weather in your area. 

Inspect your Tires: It is important to check your tires frequently in colder weather. As the temperatures drop, the pressure in your tires decreases. This phenomenon is commonly taught in academia as Gay-Lussacs Law. Colder temperatures have a negative effect on the longevity and strength of tires. One should look at their tires in the fall and contemplate if the tires can handle the harsh winter months to come. Winter tires have been specially made to handle snow and other winter conditions. They are often recommended in locations where it snows a lot. 

Prepare for Emergencies: Breakdowns and accidents can happen at any time of the year. It is important for individuals to keep resources in their vehicles to handle winter driving-related tasks. A snow shovel, broom, and ice scraper will allow one to clear snow and ice away from their car. Due to the cold temperatures, jumper cables are often helpful in the cold (A complete guide on how to use jumper cables can be found in blog #7). Blankets and other warm coverings are highly recommended for the human body gets cold faster than many think. Some water, food, medication, flashlights, and chemical body warmers are also recommended.

“6 Dangerous Habits to Quit”

 “6 Dangerous Habits to Quit”

Humans are habitual creatures by nature. This means we are what we constantly do. At a certain point, driving will become like second nature and our bodies will take over and run on mostly autopilot. This autopilot can have good and bad habits. This week's blog will cover 6 habits that you should kick before they become permanent. 

1. Speeding: Speeding is incredibly dangerous. It decreases your reaction time and increases the force that could be created upon impact. Speeding is often accepted in society, however it is still illegal and dangerous. 

2. Not Checking Blind Spots: It is important to check your blind spots constantly. Oftentimes, people can get overconfident or lazy and not look into their blind spot causing wrecks or near misses when changing lanes. It is also important to signal before changing lanes, which is a step drivers sometimes skip. 

3. Not wearing a Seatbelt: Seatbelts save lives. If you want more information on seatbelts, check back to an earlier blog. Seatbelts help decrease the force you feel when in a crash, and also keep you in place in the case of a crash. It is something that you hopefully will never need, but if you do you will be thankful you wore one. 

4. Driving Under the Influence: Do not drink and drive. Do not drive while under the influence of other substances as well. Driving takes your whole attention and mental abilities. Having substances in your system that prevent this is dangerous for you and the people around you.

5. Texting and Driving: Texting while driving is dangerous because it distracts you visually, physically, and mentally. Texting takes your eyes off the road, hands off the wheel, and mind off of driving. This increases the risk of accidents by slowing reaction times and impairing judgment.

6. Not Respecting Weather Conditions: You cannot control the weather. Sometimes, it is too dangerous to drive in, and other times, it requires you to slow down or pay closer attention. Many drivers disregard common sense driving practices when driving in inclement weather. Respect the power and dangers nature can bring.

When you first begin driving, it is important to practice good habits. That is one of the reasons you are required to practice driving with a more experienced driver and a driving instructor. Habits can be hard to break, but it is not impossible. If you participate in the habits above, it is encouraged to attempt and break them. 

“5 Ways to Maximize Drivers Education”

  “5 Ways to Maximize Drivers Education”

Driver’s education is one of the first steps to becoming a legal driver. It teaches teenagers and adults the skills needed to be safe, confident, and knowledgeable drivers. Individuals can feel the desire to put forth limited effort or act like they already know how to drive. However, driver’s education is not something that should be taken lightly. In this week’s blog, we will look at 5 practical tips to get the most out of your driver’s education program. 

Be Present and Attentive: Attend class prepared and ready to learn. Oftentimes as students, we can begin to daze off during class, but it is important for our learning to be present and locked into the class. If you need help with paying attention, sit in the front of the class or in a location that you know will not elicit distractions. Another great way to stay attentive is to take notes. 

Ask Questions: The classes and drive times are designed with the students in mind, but there is always time for questions. If you are confused about a topic, ask it. Getting clarification now can keep you and your classmates safe, while allowing the material to be in your mind longer. The instructor can not read your mind so it is important to ask questions if you have them.  

Study Outside of Class: Class time is not the only time to get better at driving. Study material from the previous class, look at quality driving resources like blogs and governmental websites and watch and ask more experienced drivers questions. 

Embrace Behind-the-wheel lessons: The 6 behind-the-wheel sessions are designed to give hands-on application on real roads with a trained professional. In these drives, students will learn things from basic maneuvering to parking, to driving in multiple situations around the area. These lessons are designed to give students confidence and knowledge behind the wheel. Embrace the drive times and ask questions when they arise. The instructor is there to keep you safe and individually help you learn how to drive a motor vehicle. 

Practice: Driving over 50 hours is a requirement to getting your driver’s license in Illinois. Practicing is the best way to get better at anything. It is important to have an experienced driver in the vehicle with you when you are first starting. When practicing, work on practicing good habits that align with the instructions and regulations detailed in class. It is important to practice all aspects of driving, but especially for people who may be taking the driving test, it is important to practice up and downhill parking and the tricky backing out of an alley. 

Driver’s education is your time and place to learn the necessities for safe and proper driving. It is a place for you to learn and grow. Drivers Edge School of Driving is here for you for all your driving-related needs and questions and aims to educate students of all ages on the best road safety and pertinent driving skills. 

“Using a Map”

  “Using a Map”

What is a map, and why should you learn how to read one? Maps have been around for as long as humans were exploring and able to communicate. Maps provide very crucial information and assist with the transport from one place to another. In today's time, Global Positioning Systems and phone-based mapping have taken over, and have made navigation much easier. However, you may not always have the luxury of web-based navigation. In today’s blog, we will look at how to read a map. 

Types of graphs include physical, political, topographical, road, and thematic. For this blog, we will focus mainly on road maps. Topographical maps can come in handy when using a road map to determine your location on a road map. Road maps like they sound show where roads are located. Or at least where the map maker at the time of making the map thought the roads were. There is often a legend detailing what certain colors or symbols mean which may be helpful when determining a navigable route. There will also be a scale that indicates the physical dimensions of the map to the actual dimensions of the Earth. 

When navigating with a map. First, locate where you are. This can be done by locating the intersection you are at with street names, or by locating a distinct part of your environment on the map like a large mountain or a business. Make sure to mark that point in some way. Then, find where you want to go in a similar fashion to before. Once you have found your starting and ending locations, work your way from the start to the destination following roads. This is what your GPS does when it figures out which way to tell you to turn. It is recommended to highlight or write down the direction of turns and the road names the turn occurs on. Now that you have determined a route, follow that route using road signs to keep track of where you are until you reach your destination. 

Learning to navigate using a map is a valuable life skill. It connects you with your ancestors and it allows you to rely a little less on technology. Maps do not take up very much space so it is a good idea to have a map of your local area somewhere in your car in case you need it. You can also download maps onto your phone and access them even if you are out of cellular service range. If you have any questions regarding maps, please comment them down below.